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The potential commercial advantages of measured cultivation of a team ethos into ships of the merchant marine are addressed. The improvement of productivity in a ship using formalised teamwork training programmes is discussed. Teamwork programmes include leadership team building and team training. Potential problems of introducing such programmes are considered but it is concluded that the benefits of introducing a programme outweigh the potential difficulties of doing so.

Legislation concerning air pollution for shipping is discussed. The development of the rule making process in IMO (International Maritime Organisation) is described for the new annex on air pollution due to come into force in 2002. Aspects considered include process of development of the annex its content legal aspects choice of instrument to address air pollution from ships and contentious issues of the legislation.

This paper reviews the work that has been done at the Thornton Research Centre on the avoidance of electrostatic hazards using non-metallic pipes on ships. The possible hazards are identified and the principles of avoiding them are outlined. Criteria for hazard avoidance are developed and practical means of meeting the criteria are given.

Shipbuilding is now conducted to ever increasing levels of technology within a much tighter commercial environment and a requirement for higher reliability and quality. Consideration is given to the unifying influence of the choice of product and work breakdown structure allied to an effective project management system. Finally the paper examines the issue of the simultaneous construction of warships and advanced merchant ships.

The experience and position of the Shell group of companies in assessing the life of LNG carriers is reviewed. Elements in considering a vessel's life include the hull condition the cargo containment system condition the continuing reliability/safety of both main and auxiliary machinery and the condition of cargo handling equipment. The Brunei LNG ship life study is described in detail. Applicability to other LNG vessels is considered. Shell's philosophy for managing LNG carriers is given and conclusions drawn from its experiences with these ships are outlined.

The review presented covers the dimensions of conventional ships and design and operating factors relating to very large ships. Practical propeller arrangements speed and propulsion factors correlation factor and service allowances applied to effective horsepower propeller diameter and revs/min basic propeller curves and triple single or multi-screw ships and application of single twin or triple screws for 750000 ton and 10000 dwt ships are examined. Machinery installation type of machinery plant content and layout structure of the engine room and shafting system and stern bearings are discussed.

Int conf held in Tokyo Japan on 29 - 30 October 1974 Papers are Worldwide trade and orderly marketing Japanese shipping prospects Soviet shipowners in international trade The changing role of governments in shipping Hong Kong, Japan and freedom of shipping Role of the cross traders Shipbuilding in Japan European ship building outlook Cost factors in Japanese ships American liners on the Pacific Liner conference economics Japans requirements Japans energy and ship demand Flags of convenience Nationalism and internationalism in shipping policy Hull insurance in Japan Ship finance and the Japanese banks

The aim of US Navy shipboard energy conservation is to make ships more fuel-efficient more cost-efficient and more environmentally friendly. This goal has been the cornerstone of machinery and hull R&D and Fleet operational improvements. In support of this the NAVSEA incentivised ENCON (energy conservation) program has been established which focuses upon fleet and ship operational improvements. The incentivised ENCON program is briefly discussed together with its program elements and suggestions to institutionalise a similar program for ships operated by the Military Sealift Command US Army and USCG and NOAA. A similar incentivised ENCON program can also be implemented for friendly nations' naval ships. It is also believed that commercial shipping companies can use the incentive concept to operate their ships more efficiently.

Wave data/information and associated mathematical techniques for predicting the short-term and long-term (lifetime) structural responses to loading of ships and ocean structures are described and discussed with reference to - collection of basic data at North Atlantic weather stations; derivation of two parameter and six parameter wave spectra families; estimation of severest sea condition; estimation of frequency of occurance of severe seas; design applications.

Passenger ships are getting bigger and bigger in a trend which is likely to continue. However although safety is taken seriously by the industry high passenger to crew ratios coupled with the reduction in professional seafarer crew is raising concerns. The view is expressed that new ways of addressing these issues should be sought now and concepts are put forward which challenge historical precedents and current thinking in areas such as the cruise product lifeboat launch systems muster stations passenger traffic flows in emergency evacuation crew training and responses to acts of crime piracy and terrorism. First some background information is given. Next there is a brief section about dealing with the future. After this threats to safety are looked at followed by the new climate for innovation. Concepts of safety are considered. Lastly Securite One is outlined.

This paper considers the technologies and propulsion products appropriate for ships operating beyond the main resistance hump. Whilst many inshore craft have operated in this regime for many years increased interest in larger fast naval vessels has developed in the past few years both in fast logistics and now in fast combatants. Many commercial ferries operate regularly above the main resistance hump. Initially this was implemented with high-speed diesel powered aluminium catamarans then with larger gas turbine powered monohulls and in the near future with stabilised monohulls or trimarans. Systems and equipments applicable to Monohulls Multi-hulls (both catamarans and stabilised-monohulls) and Surface Effect Ships are all considered in the context of a propulsion system that suits the particular hull forms. Prime-movers (gas turbines and high-speed diesels) transmissions (electric and geared) and propulsors (propellers and waterjets) are reviewed in relation to the current available technology and the near future anticipated capabilities. Experience gained with existing fast combatants and with respect to the designs for future propulsion system configurations is also described.

Seminar by author given on 19 May 1980. Sponsored by the US Department of Commerce Maritime Administration. The seminar includes the following subjects for discussion: coal and fuel oil price comparison, fuel consumption rates for steam plant and low-speed diesel, fuel weight and volume comparison, fuel cost comparison. The seminar is limited to new ship construction for dry bulkers, container, barge carrying and ro-ro ships of a life cycle of 25 years and limited to US flag ships. The seminar aims to establish some economic principles to consider rather than be a complete analysis.

Paper presented at the 8th International Conference on 'The Stability of Ships and Ocean Vehicles' at the Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieros Navales, Madrid, September 15-19, 2003. The physical principles of hydrostatic stability for floating systems were first pronounced by Archimedes in antiquity, although his demonstration examples were limited to simple geometric shapes. The assessment of stability properties of a ship of arbitrary shape at the design stage became practically feasible only about two millennia later after the advent of infinitesimal calculus and analysis. The modern theory of hydrostatic stability of ships was founded independently and almost simultaneously by Pierre Bouger and Leonhard Euler. They established initial hydrostatic stability criteria, Bouger's well-known metacentre and Euler's restoring moment for small angles of heel, and defined practical procedures for evaluating these criteria. Both dealt also with other aspects of stability theory. This paper will describe and reappraise the concepts and ideas leading to these historical landmarks, compare the approaches and discuss the earliest efforts leading to the practical acceptance of stability analysis in ship design and shipbuilding.

Booklet of instructions for operating diesel engines (Burmeister and Wain system) in motor ships, produced by Harland and Wolff Ltd, Belfast. Includes all component parts, a section on 'working difficulties' with the engine and how to deal with them, 'important points to be attended to by the engineer on watch' and a large section containing many indicator diagrams of diesel engines. Has company stamp dated 1927 on first page of booklet. Produced for use on the 'MV Palacio' cargo ship, built by Harland & Wolff Ltd and owned by MacAndrews & Co. Liverpool. Built in Govan and launched September 1927.

An existing coupled non-linear 6 DOF manoeuvring model has been modified for azimuthing pod-driven vessels. The equations of motion and modified numerical model for calculating pod-induced propulsive and hull forces are presented. The modified numerical code has been verified using a ROPAX vessel for which extensive amounts of data exist both for conventional and for pod-driven hull forms. Comparisons have been made between conventional and podded control using zigzag and turning circle tests to investigate the directional stability of pod-driven ships and the effect of large pod-induced heel angles to the turning. In the light of this investigation the efficiency of the azimuthing podded drives in terms of overall controllability of ships is discussed and conclusions are drawn.

Results of the European research project WAVELOADS are presented. This work's aim was to meet the need of practical and sufficiently accurate theoretical/numerical methods to predict wave-induced global load effects for modern high-speed ships. Two alternative numerical techniques were used to predict wave-induced design loads. One technique was based on the linear three-dimensional radiation/diffraction Green function formulation and the other technique was a nonlinear time-domain strip-theory method which accounted for the dominant nonlinearities associated with the vertical responses. To validate these techniques and to specify their limits of application a highspeed ferry a fast monohull and a containership serving as reference ships were systematically model tested. Difficulties associated with performing these seakeeping tests were considerable and required the development of special instrumentation. A finite element analysis of the high-speed ferry's hull structure was subjected to wave-induced design loads. Computed design midship vertical bending moments and the resulting stress flows were compared to classification society rule values.

Reliability technology was used to develop a methodology for assessing the structural safety of ships: mathematical procedures for constructing probabilistic models of wave loads and load combinations (with hogging and sagging moments differentiated) constructing statistical models for nonlinear hull strength (accounting for the buckling and yielding of hull components) and estimating the ship failure probabilities (including the storm encounter probability) are presented. The methodology is used to determine and compare the reliability levels associated with modes of failure in four ships including two naval vessels (cruiser 1 cruiser 2) and two commercial vessels (a double hull tanker and an SL-7 containership) discussions include: the collection and analysis of load data the analysis of structural strength reliability analysis and failure probabilities sensitivity analysis fatigue reliability assessment and recommended minimum acceptable safety levels.

These Instructions are issued by the Department of Trade for the guidance of their marine surveyors in surveying passenger ships under the provisions of the Merchant Shipping Acts. They indicate to shipowners, shipbuilders and others the procedure followed by the Department for the survey of passenger ships, as well as the conditions under which passenger and safety certificates, and passenger certificates, are issued. Volume 3 contains forms, flooding calculations and areas that are floodable, illustrations and tables. Volume 1 contains Parts 1 to 5. Volume 2 contains Parts 6 to 8. Volume 3 contains Flooding Curves and Tables.

Conference containing 11 papers on this subject area. These are: Training for modern ship operations Training for ships of the future - one step to overcome shortage of skilled crews in the medium term future Meeting Australia's shipping needs - an industry reconstructed Ergonomic aspects of reduced manning The modernisation of the seafarer's system in Japan The new courses for certificates of competency Training for a shrinking industry Training for ships of the future Standards and certification of master and deck officers The education and training of the marine engineer in the 1990's and Manning - where will it end?

A theoretical hull form design method for displacement type super high-speed ships has been developed by the minimum resistance theory and the sectionally-varying hull form equation. Utilizing the established hull form design method 60 series hull forms were prepared according to the systematic variations of the important design variables and model tests were conducted for the series 60 ship models. Regression analyses were performed for the results of model tests. This is the first systematic and multi-purpose study for super high-speed ships.