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Six case histories are presented to illustrate the usefulness of fuel analysis that will ultimately contribute to efficient ship operation. The Fuel System Check (FSC) is designed to allow samples to be taken in a systematic manner from defined location points in the fuel treatment system from bunker tank right through to the transfer point to the engine.

The promise of the sloped IPS buoy for stand-alone applications has led to detailed tank tests of a free-floating hydro-dynamically realistic device. The dynamometers will capture energy by using an internal force reference from a piston coupled to the inertia of water within open tubes. The detailed design of the dynamometers is outlined. After some background information a review covering from gigawatt to solo device is given. Next experiments with a constrained model are looked at followed by the free floating model model power rating and the dynamometer in outline. Lastly dynamometer operation is considered.

This paper describes the history of ProTek's involvement in providing materials and designed structures giving fire protection in the offshore industry. The use of composite materials their testing and quality assurance is explained in detail.

A discussion of Voyage Event Recorders (VER) or black boxes and their development for shipboard use from aviation applications. It records on a specially adapted VHS system audio for both voice and ambient sound raw radar data rudder angle and gyro heading. It can optionally record data capable of being expressed as an electronic signal including engine performance ship's position manoeuvring characteristics and outputs from hull stress and strain monitoring equipment. A standard 19 in rack cabinet housing all control electronics plus the eight-track recorder is located in the vessel's wheelhouse. The recording unit can be fitted in a fireproof box and/or float-free cradle. When played back on a shore-based unit

The DUS pipe is a steel pipe reinforced with an outer sleeve of reinforced glass fibre (GRP). The DUS method for producing GRP is dry unlike normal methods. The wIce pipe laying method is also described.

This paper consists of enlarged notes diagrams and illustrations dealing with the Electric Ship Programme - a French perspective covering background the AES organisation within the DGA the AES programme and collaboration.

This brief paper provides an historical and literary account of the development of Greek shipping. The paper discusses the span of history from the ancient world through Byzantine rule the Ottoman Empire and the wars of independance to the introduction of steam and the effects of two World Wars.

A review of the recent past for underwriters from 1986-1991 and predictions regarding their changing role and future to the year 2000. Declining profits with respect to premium claims IBNR and expenses are due to overcapacity low freight rates inadequate crewing major disasters and a weak underwriters market. Assessments of world tonnage rates scrapping condition and management of ships quality assurance and improving trust and standards are given. Tables of casualty rates tanker age tonnage and ship losses are also given.

The implications of impending international convention (IMO MARPOL annex expected 1997) regional and national regulations to restrict the levels of gaseous emissions from marine engines (particularly reciprocating internal combustion types) are considered especially for in-service Royal Navy ships. Typical emission profiles are compared with proposed limits and technical solutions (primary and secondary) for reducing and monitoring NOx are discussed with consideration of costs involved.

Enhancement of the survivability of a warship is usually associated with improvement of the sensor-weapon suite but the platform has a large potential for enhancement as well. Ship survivability is a composition of susceptibility and vulnerability. Reduction of the radar signature by shaping and concealment and the IR signature by usage of thermal insulation prewetting systems and infra red suppression systems significantly decrease susceptibility. The vulnerability reduction principles of damage containment protection equipment hardening redundancy and arrangement considerably improve the chances of survival after impact of weapon systems. A tool called PROGRESS (PROGram for Rapid Evaluation of System Survivability) is useful in the design phase to achieve a cost efficient mix.

It is the purpose of this paper to look ahead and see if a strategy for the exploitation of IT can be discerned that could raise fleet management to new levels of expertise and efficiency in such a manner that (1) the related ship operations of the high-cost western nations increase competitiveness and (2) the professional skills of managers and mariners in the new IT regime are exclusive to a well developed high cost Knowledge Engineering infrastructure. The study is imbedded in the trends in technical change and ship automation. The focus is on management; IT in support of vertically integrated management can be turned into a powerful competitive weapon.

Main features of Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) methodology are described together with its proposed adaptation by the Royal Navy in order to carry out a review of ship and submarine maintenance practices and provide a base for their future development: Typical RCM outputs are outlined and expected benefits (re through-life costs audit trail training) discussed.

Mission profiles for representative large containerships and general purpose frigates are used to discuss the differences between merchant and naval operations. A general purpose model to determine the off-design performance of platform system components is developed and used to compare speed profiles fuel consumptions and emission (COx NOx HC) data for different propulsion concepts in merchant and naval ships.

Automation systems for cutter suction dredgers are discussed including equipment system design data input and future developments (including adaption for wheel dredgers)

The International Safety Management (ISM) Code is reviewed. To quality operators the ISM Code duplicates many of the procedures and practices they had in place before ISM. While the introduction of the Code has started the process of identifying the so-called sub-standard ship there is a long way to go before there can be any talk of elimination of sub-standard shipping. The history of quality quality assurance and safety in shipping is reviewed along with lessons learnt from gaining ISM accreditation.

Key principles methods and techniques used in the pro-active and reactive management of safety are discussed (hazard identification risk assessment control monitoring reporting and investigation) and the structure and construction of the Safety Case outlined.

The role of the Marine Society in the education and distance learning of seafarers at sea includes the provision of books (seafarers libraries) films correspondence courses (College of the Sea) competitions ship adoption schemes hobby kits at at - sea tutors in art biology and music

This paper explains the development of the control systems for HMS Exmouth the world's first all gas turbine major warship. The problems in matching a controllable pitch propeller with a multi- engine gas turbine system are described. Use of such a system in a new vessel with the use of computerised techniques in the development of the control system are highlighted.

The background and objectives of the Ministry of Defence (MOD) Ship Safety Management System are outlined. The differences between merchant vessels and warships with respect to safety are compared. There was little in the merchant shipping industry which could have been adapted to suit MOD's purpose but the MOD has chosen to adopt the safety case approach recommended by the HSE and already used in other industries. The SSMS applies to all vessels used by MOD all activities are covered throughout a vessel's life. The line management chain is headed by the Secretary of State for Defence who has ultimate responsibility. All statutory requirements must be met and where there are exemptions from the law MOD must have equivalent arrangements. Documentation discussed includes safety certificates hazard logs risk assessments safety cases and reports.