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Air emissions from ships are a significant contributor to atmospheric pollution worldwide and raise special concerns within coastal metropolitan regions with heavy industrialization and populations. North America and Europe are two major regions where the problem has been documented and where it is serious and growing. National and international regulations are starting to address the problem with new standards for marine diesel engine emissions and standards for marine fuel quality. However it is not clear whether these actions are sufficient to halt or reverse the current trends. Various frameworks for evaluating the problem of air pollution discharges from ships are discussed and it is shown how the patterns of emissions contribute to overall air pollution concerns. The status of understanding of these emissions is reviewed together with the public concerns of this as a growing problem requiring attention and action.

This book reveals 5,000 years of maritime adventure in a new compact format. From the earliest dugout canoes and the boats of the Ancient Egyptians to the most technologically advanced battleships and cruise-liners, this is the ultimate guide to every aspect of the ship, and those who have sailed them. Find out all about the endeavours of the great explorers as they mapped the globe and discovered new worlds, you'll learn the impact ships have had on trade and industry and find out all the key historical conflicts in which ships played a vital role. Plus, take a look at seafaring for pleasure and trace fishing through the ages. Every conceivable type of sea-going vessel is featured, from caravels and galleons, warships and yachts to clippers and cruise-liners. Produced in association with the National Maritime Museum.

This research has been limited to an investigation of only a few of the factor affecting the propulsion of twin-screw ships constructed for medium high speeds. Extensive tank experiments have previously been made with the models used in the present tests. The object was at that time to find out the effect of the longitudinal centre of buoyancy on the resistance and to develop suitable ship lines. The investigation has been carried out with two different series of self-propelled models, and the main object was to ascertain whether the models which were best from the point of view of resistance were also the best from the point of view of propulsion.

Some of the main design problems encountered in the A.C.T. 1 class of containe r ships for carriage of general and refrigerated cargo between Australia the UK and Europe are examined. The general arrangement and layout is outlined and leading particulars are given with the corresponding particulars for the O.C.L . Bay class ships for comparison. Structural features hatch covers and contain er lashings vibration stabilization mooring and navigational control are described. Refrigeration the arrangement of coolers and air ducting the coupling mechanism insulation of the holds and arrangements within the containers to ensure proper air flow and machinery installation are considered and operational experience is discussed.

The contents of this guidance cover such topics as the object of the instructions; the application of regulations; exemptions from regulations; maintenance and inspection; instructions on regulations relating to division between crew accommodation and other parts of the ship, interior bulkheads, overhead decks, floor decks, awnings, heating, lighting, ventilation, drainage, marking, sleeping rooms, furniture and fittings, mess rooms, recreation spaces, supply of drinking and fresh water, cold store rooms and refrigerating equipment, medical cabinet; and miscellaneous issues such as rat-proofing, liquid petroleum gas domestic installations, accommodation for repair personnel, and reports on completion of survey.

It is shown in the report that the trial-and-error requirements of the Rules of classification societies to the minimum section modulus of transport ships (including the FPSO-type ships) are based mainly on the maintenance of their strength the lack of which in riveted ships exhibits in the form of weakening of rivet joints and in welded ships in the form of cracks. The analysis of proposals for analytical formulation of the fatigue strength criterion (F.S.C.) during 150 years of development of steel shipbuilding confirms this thesis. It is shown that modern recommendations of IACS (1999) do not provide stable reserves of fatigue resistance for ships of different standard-sizes especially those constructed from high-tensile steels. In the report ways of perfecting the requirements to fatigue strength are offered.

In recent years there has been substantial interest and growing demand for ships to navigate in cold regions. One reason for this is the emergence of new trade routes in cold regions which pose new design conditions and challenges. In addition not all builders have experience of designing ships intended for ice and cold environments. As a result there is a pressing need for rules and standards to give clear requirements for shipbuilders to develop suitable designs for cold climate operation. This paper provides an insight into the background and development of winterisation rules an introduction to the framework of the rules and explanation of some of the key features.

The findings of the 1993 GESAMP report concerning the estimated quantity of oil annually entering the marine environment from various natural and industrial sources particularly shipping are presented and compared with those of previous reports (19901985 1975). Critical discussion pays particular attention to apparent improvements in the environmental performance of ships with regard to operational discharges: special mention is made of the practice of continuously upgrading operational performance on tankers the progress of technical innovation in the world's tanker fleet and inadequate port reception facilities for ship generated residues and wastes. The potential for governments port authorities enforcement agencies and tanker operators to further improve the environmental impact of ships is considered.

Why the Japanese having tried hard to win international orders are having to fall back largely on domestic orders for such ships.

A leading US manufacturer looks at the benefits of gas turbines onboard cruise ships.

Written in Italian and English.