Search our collections

The stability criteria and the method to vary the safety level of ships applied in the present damage stability rules are not sufficient to ensure the safety of damaged ships or to grade the relative safety of ships. A new way of achieving realistic survivability criteria is proposed. This is used to estimate a capsizing probability. The effect of water shipped into the damaged region and the fluctuating restoring ability of the ship in waves is also considered. Three models to determine the damage opening size that should be survived by a ship are also shown.

RINA the Italian Classification Society published and put into force in January 2003 its "RINAMIL - Rules for the Classification of Naval Ships" which were developed with the technical support of the Italian Navy. This paper attempts to briefly review the structure and contents of RINAMIL and to present and discuss the most relevant issues encountered in adapting merchant rules to naval ships practice. The paper also addresses aspects which are specific to naval ships and for which ad hoc requirements have been included in the rules.

A directory of Russian merchant ships, this part focusing on refrigeration ships. Written in German.

The effects of noxious exhaust gases are discussed in the light of the advantages of diesel engines. Figures tables and graphs are used to outline the legislation controlling exhaust emissions and the technologies available to reduce them.

Contents include chapters on: Modern types of ships (dry cargo, tankers, passenger vessels, special merchant types), Tonnage measurement (including calculations), Classification, Freeboard and load lines, Strength of materials and ships, Lines, offsets and the mold loft, Riveting and welding, Tanks, bilges and piping systems, Turning and steering, Launching, Drydocking, Ships calculations (displacement, wetted surface, change of draft and density, coefficients of form, height of metacentre above keel), The ship in waves, Resistance and powering, Propellers and propulsion and Ship trials.

Some of the issues which are currently important in container shipping are investigated such as the trend to (ultra) large ships and very fast ships. After some introductory information attention is given to the environmental sustainability of a ship as transport system. Next the concept of modelling systematic series of containerships is considered followed by simulation of operation propulsion plant options and high speed containerships. Lastly some potential matching problems are addressed between ship and machinery in the case of multi shaft installations that could be part of the solution both for the ultra large containerships and the fast ships.

Naval vessels are routinely required to operate for long periods of time away from homeports. To sustain these deployments RAS (replenishment at sea) is a vital part of ship operations. A replenishment scenario typically consists of a receiving ship coming within range of a supply ship travelling at moderate speed. Transfer of fuel or supplies is then accomplished using a transfer rig running between the two ships. Among the various challenges during underway replenishment it is important to minimise the variation of distance between replenishment points on the two ships. Excessive variation of this distance can lead to undesirable events such as dipping of payload into water or breaking of transfer cables. A numerical analysis method has been developed to predict the motions of two ships during RAS operations. The simulation of these wave-induced ship motions and their influence on the distance between replenishment points of two ships at sea is described. Hydrodynamic interaction forces between the ships are modelled and their influence on the replenishment distance is examined. Representative results are presented for a naval supply vessel replenishing a naval frigate. Results from this type of study can facilitate assessment of the operational capabilities of the entire RAS system. Valuable information can also be obtained for use in defining training scenarios for ships crews and operational procedures for the replenishment of both existing and future naval vessels.

Although seagoing ships show the best environmental performance their absolute impact on our environment is serious. A study carried out by the BMT (British Marine Technology) foresees that the air-load with sulphur oxides on European level caused by shipping will reach a value of 30 to 40 per cent of the load totally emitted by 2010. According to figures published by the Environmental Office of Hamburg the share of the sulphur load emitted by ship traffic in the port is 40 per cent of the load totally emitted within the city limits. Another problem results from the vibrations when the ships are alongside caused by the main engines but also by the auxiliary diesels which sometimes produce enormous amounts of electricity for the supply of winches ramps and ventilation. A possible way to ease this conflict is the supply of the ships in the ports with electricity produced in power plants ashore. By using the supply of electricity produced ashore the ships would be enabled to shut down their auxiliary diesels during the time of their stay in the port. A demonstration project is presented to include as many ship types and sizes in the project for one pier at the Ports of Lubeck-Travemunde. A converting station the cabling within the port and a universally applicable connection are to be developed and built. This arrangement will enable the port to fulfil the different electrical requirements that are found in shipping.

At sea trials on four instrumented ships (Mineral Seraing large ore courier Roi Baudouin car ferry Jordaens and Lukuga cargo liners) monitored ship speed heading power wave excited hull vibrations and environmental conditions. Discussions include vertical and circular vibration frequencies damping factors bending moments slamming and springing in large ships.

General Electric's range of marine main propulsion geared steam turbines for US Navy combatant ships destroyers cruisers and carriers discussed including - early designs for Mahan class ships; later developments and standardization of design; performance tests; safety features; materials construction manufacture; maintenance in-service experience and vibration control.

Shipbuilding is one of the few industries where each customer wants a custom-made product rather than a standard one. However there is room for standard ships in the market in niche areas such as tankers and bulk carriers. The concept of addded value standard ships is discussed.

Until 15 years or so ago naval ships followed a quite independent path from commercial vessels in terms of their design and construction standards. Then for a variety of reasons class became inolved. To learn more we recently spoke to Bob Simpson Lloyd's Regiter's Business Manager Naval Ships.

The federal and state actions concerning waste streams from cruise ships are considered. The EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) agreed in response to a petition sent via the Bluewater Network to study cruise ship discharges and waste management approaches. A summary of the progress to date is presented.

Ship service electrical power consumption at the pier side is rapidly growing and now exceeds 10 megawatts (MW) power range on many of the latest commercial ships. These ships when docked at the ports consume hotel power produced by on-board generators resulting in air pollution. The environmental impact of the pollution created while at berth has many ports restricting the operation of these on-board generators. Shutting off these on-board generators and supplying ship's hotel power from the shore power system can reduce the air pollution emissions. This process when shore power is provided to the ship during berthing by shutting down its generators is called cold ironing. For limited power supply this technology has been used by the military at naval bases for many decades when ships are docked for long periods. However with the development of medium voltage power plugs and receptacle assemblies cold ironing projects existing applicable standards for ship interconnections to shore power and proven techniques for shore power interconnections. The paper will highlight the main features of a cold ironing power system with emphasis on personnel and equipment protection by an alternate electrical grounding system. the paper also describes an actual cold ironing project in which a barge is used to mount a unit substation and cable management equipment.

Hull girder strength is the most fundamental strength of ship structure. Generally ships have been designed to resist all loads expected to arise in their seagoing environment. The objectives in structural design have been to maintain a ship structural integrity for normal operating conditions. A combination of most severe loads is usually selected as the normal design load. However a large number of ship accidents continue to occur despite the advancement in the navigation system. These accidents have caused the loss of cargos pollution of environment loss of human beings. In the design of ships structural strength is generally assessed for the intact condition. In intact condition the critical load case for mono-hull ship is the vertical bending moment which reaches its maximum in head seas. Both horizontal bending moment and torsional load may play insignificant role. The torsion is considered only when there are large opening on ships. This methodology has been successfully applied to ship design for many years. However when a ship is damaged the whole scenario for the safety assessment changes. In damaged condition its floating condition could be changed dramatically. Its draught is increased and it may heel. It could also have large holes in the structure. So the load combination becomes very essential part of structural safety assessment in damaged scenario. Different damage scenarios in two tankers have been studied.

The purpose of this paper is to assist Surveyors in the interpretation and implementation of the IMO Guidelines with respect to LR's work. The use of plastic pipes in shore based installations is well established but the application to ships has been limited by safety aspects. These guidelines have opened the door to wider use of plastic pipes on ships.

A calculation method for hydrodynamic interaction forces between ships in meeting and passing conditions in shallow water and for hydrodynamic forces acting on the ship in the proximity of non-uniform bank wall is proposed. This approach is based on the boundary element method. Firstly the computation model is looked at followed by the numerical method. After this the calculation results are discussed and compared with the existing results gained through experiments and with those from other theoretical approaches.

At present SOLAS and the UK Merchant Shipping Lifesaving Appliance regulations do not recognise children under one year as passengers and SOLAS only requires passenger ships to carry children's lifejackets equivalent to 10% of the total number of passengers. More emphasis should be placed on passenger ships carrying specialised lifesaving equipment for infants. Beaufort Air Sea Equipment UK has developed a baby survival cot and Cosalt International has developed an adult lifejacket with a pouch for carrying an infant.

A look is taken at the way in which the Planing Pontoon Seaplanes and Ships (SEPPS) work including their twin-hull design. SEPPS was originally developed to provide a safer and more efficient high-speed operational capability for large cargo seaplanes taking off in open sea wave conditions. Attention is given to application of SEPPS to high speed commercial boats and ships. High speed testing experience is dealt with. Test results from 27 ft. SEPPS prototype HCGEV boat and R/C scale models are given.

Second edition “The purpose of this handbook is to assist shipowners, shipbuilders, marine superintendents, dock authorities, underwriters, ships’ officers and others, to understand a very difficult subject. It deals with the regulations actually in force, and the author has done his best to present the same in a clear and helpful manner, free from confusing technicalities, which, it is hoped, will enable the reader to obtain an intelligent insight into the important essentials which have a direct bearing on the successful operation of ships in their relation to the measurement for register tonnage.” There is also another copy published in 1933.