Search our collections

The International Submarine Races held at the David Taylor Model Basin challenges students to be creative and innovative and provide an opportunity for problem solving in the real-world environment. Rules require one and two-person human powered submarines be "wet" with their crews on scuba. Awards are given for innovation best use of composite materials best attitude speed and overall performance. Previous contestants' vehicles are summarised.

Controlled atmosphere systems are a growing supplement to traditional chilling/freezing shipboard facilities. Controlled atmospheres retard the respiration of fresh fruits vegetables meats and cut flowers thus prolonging their shelf life. The process works by limiting the amount of available oxygen which can be acquired by injecting pure nitrogen into the atmosphere burning propane or generating gas onboard from compressed air. Some details of Lloyds Rules for gas systems are given plus potential dangers to crew members.

Requirements of controlled atmosphere (CA) systems for cargo spaces in reefer ships are discussed with reference to the provisional new rules and special notations of Lloyds Register and the American Bureau of Shipping and to technology and features of commercially available equipment.

This paper attempts to investigate one aspect of Engineering ethics in terms of the underlying assumption of many individual codes and institutional rules that Engineers owe a duty to the public.

The Bureau Veritas classification society was founded in 1828 in order to provide marine underwriters with accurate information about the condition of insured vessels. With time the scope of the work increased to include: the drawing up of Rules; the regular survey; the examination of damaged vessels; the analysis of damage and failure types; the more recent continuous survey; and the issue of statutory certificates for flag states.

In the light of development of high speed craft technology Lloyd's Register has formulated a new set of rules. Joint studies were undertaken with academic institutions and industry to conduct an extensive research program into loads prediction methodology. Rule formulation and direct calculations are described.

This book aims to help students of engineering prepare for the Board of Trade oral examinations. Subjects covered include strength of materials, ship construction, heat, definitions, electricity, turbines, steam engines, condenses and auxiliaries, refrigeration, boilers, oil fuel, internal-combustion engines, miscellaneous questions, precautions against fire and explosion and rules to be observed during examination.

The basis of protection against fire in passenger ships is as stated in the SOLAS regulations from which evolved the rules of governmental authorities and classification societies. Changes in legislation and in the methods of protection using zonal layouts and modular construction have brought improved standards. This paper restricts itself to questions of fire resistance and retardation rather than the associated subject of extinction.

Review of current and proposed IMCO and UK regulations regarding the control and prevention of marine pollution refers to the International Convention on Prevention of Pollution from Ships 1973 in its five annexes dealing with oil bulk liquid chemicals packaged chemicals sewage garbage. Implementation and enforcement of the rules and crew training are considered.

Although naval vessels are exempt from IMO pollution regulations the relevant requirements are adopted where possible to keep in line with the rules of MARPOL. The article details modification packages which have been adopted and the possible choices for waste treatment systems ie Vacuum Collect Hold and Transfer or Biological Sewage Treatment Plants.

The book covers some of the principles of stability as applied to ships. Contents comprise of sections on: principles of stability, Simpson's rules, ship stresses, transverse and longitudinal stability, dry-docking, water pressure, free surface and stability data.

Significaint factors in the phenomenon of total loss of ship without trace include: modern design (flush decks forward Munchen type bridges) ship sizes anchor positioning and securing structural failure notably corrosion middle sag loadline position and freeboard reduction commercial pressures and damage.

The development of safety class computational analysis by Det Norsk Veritas is discussed with reference to: the integration of packages; the introduction of computer aided rules (CAR); and a life cycle approach to information management. Features of the DNV Nautilus Hull software developed from the Ship Product Model project to meet a requirement for cheaper and faster strength analysis are explained.

An extensive article on the choice of the best propulsion plant for new large tankers considering the rules and regulations for the design of such ships are being tightened to prevent ecological disasters.

This paper explores the reliability of gearing designed to Lloyds Register of Shipping (LRS) rules and provides a summary of the implied alignment tolerances used in the design of current gearboxes. Alternatives for measuring mesh misalignment are discussed and the calculation of load distribution and misalignment from the results of tooth root strain measurements is outlined. Experimental results are contrasted with assumed misalignment in the latest marine gear rating standards and the inadequacy of treating helical gears as spur gears is discussed. The paper concludes that significant improvements in load capacity can be achieved if gear design is optimised to take account of operating misalignment and true contact line load distribution.

The design of a new high-speed diesel engine by Paxman Diesels Ltd ideally suited for high-speed marine applications is reviewed. The design objectives and some basic principles are discussed. The engine's key parameters turbocharging fuel injection system camshaft/valve train gear train marine applications engine development crankcase and cylinder/cylinder head assembly are described. It is shown that high performance design can be achieved without complex engineering or high cost manufacturing solutions. Also the importance is stressed of establishing certain basic rules at the start of such a project to guide the design and development team.

In the past few years it has become apparent that fundamental application problems can be experienced with the current probabilistic damage stability rules. It may be time for a new application approach. Such an approach based on numerical integration of the probability functions is presented together with a dedicated computer program. Current problems with the conventional calculation procedure are described before the new computer program for calculating probabilistic damage stability is presented. Results are given followed by preliminary findings on application.

A supporting system in the Integrated Navigation System (INS) has been developed for collision avoidance concentrating on reducing the operators' work load and on supporting decision making for navigators. A collision avoidance expert system has also been developed. This proposes collision avoidance action considering the prediction of target ship's action traffic rules and navigator's practices. An analysis of human's collision avoidance process and the formulating of requirements for INS is given. Decision-making support for collision avoidance is discussed and the collision avoidance expert system is described.

A prototype expert system for collision avoidance has been developed incorporating the International Rules for Preventing Collisions at Sea. This system simulated an encounter between two vessels whose control - response characteristics were read into the system. Some details of the system and its performance are provided in this paper. The main objective of the system is to provide an expert advisor for mariners capable of acting on sensory input from all available channels including information provided by an operator via a keyboard and advising on the preferred course of action.

The design of floating production systems (FPSs) incorporate national and international standards marine legislation and class rules and industry codes of practice. It is envisaged that the application of Safety Case legislation will provide a fuller understanding of the principal hazards and risk profiles for these types of facilities. However it is not expected that significant modifications to design will be required. Some specific examples of hazard management in FPS design are given