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A review of the various modes of failure affecting ship structures is followed by an outline of the strength criteria which are to be considered at the design stage to ensure the structural reliability of ships. After this a new classification scheme On Line Class based on the application of first engineering principles is presented. Lastly the probabilistic approach is looked at.

A methodology to estimate air pollutant emissions from ships in ports and in transit is described and applied to certain case studies. A schematic representation of ship traffic is presented that divides ship operations into cruising manoeuvring hotelling and loading/offloading. The emissions are estimated from daily fuel consumption time spent in different operations and average pollutant emission factors.

Biological aspects of fouling of ships are reviewed covering the extra-hull marine fouling by sedentary organisms and hard shell species such as calcerous tube-worms oysters and barnacles and hull protection by use of paint providing controlled release of effective poison. The intra hull and spoilage by fungi and bacteria characteristics of micro- organisms and the role of the biologist in fouling-antifouling research equipment-material failure susceptability of new materials monitoring and research are outlined. The control of micro-organisms and limitations of fungicides and biocides are discussed.

Department of Energy and Department of Transport requirements for maintaining suitable temperatures on board platforms and ships are listed. The ways in which this effects air conditioning design are outlined. Particular attention is given to the constraints placed on the design of the air conditioning plant's refrigeration system. The 2 sets of regulations from the DOE and the DTI are compared.

The many uses of compressed air in the offshore industry and on-board ship are discussed. They include: operation of constant tension winches on drill ships; method for unloading dry cement; powering workshop tools; supplies of breathable air for diving etc; operation of automatic and remote control systems; on board sewage treatment; fish handling systems for factory ships; ice control on exposed surfaces; ice softening systems for ice breakers; inflating dunnage bags to shore-up cargos; engine starting systems; merchant ships tend to install many separate compressors for supplying air for different uses naval ships standardise with two or three high pressure compressors to cover air supply for all uses the two systems are compared.

An attempt is made to explain why ships are still being built with low quality initial corrosion protection systems. What can be done to reduce the level of corrosion is discussed covering design considerations selection of corrosion protection system level of workmanship in-service inspection survey by classification societies and product development. The future role of the classification societies within corrosion protection is considered and some thoughts are presented about Det Norske Veritas' possible future involvement and actions.

A method has been developed enabling the underwater geometry of catamarans to be optimized in the sense of minimizing the worst-case frequency-weighted root-mean-square vertical acceleration over the passenger deck so maximizing passenger comfort. After some background information a look is taken at hull parameterizaton followed by calcualation of ship motions optimization and implementation. Lastly the results of a small series of test cases which are analyzed in order to examine the method's validity are considered.

The SeaTrust-Holdan is presented. This is a software package developed specially for the structural strength analysis of bulk carriers double hull oil tankers and container ships. The SeaTrust-Holden is outlined and its implementation is described. It consists of an automatic modeller a finite element solver and a post processor. It has been developed in order to save man-hours and costs in ship structural analysis. This software could be used to prevent human error in idealising the structural model and the modelling time could also be significantly reduced.

This detailed review examines developments in scientific needs and design of oceanographic ships from 1970-1986 with a discussion of future prospects and list of existing vessels. Aspects include - scientific requirements (general purpose marine geology and geophysics fisheries); naval architecture seakeeping manoeuvring noise and vibration; marine engineering propulsion and deck machinery automation and less-common vessel types SWATH wind-powered hovercraft hydrofoil and planing craft.

The committee of Marine Air Pollution MAP was organized at Marine Engineering Society in Japan MESJ with the financial support from the Environment Agency the government of Japan. The aim of this committee is to investigate the influence of air pollutants from ships on environment. This paper introduces the results of recent activity of the committee concerning the amount of NOx emission the problem in measuring the particulate emissions and the analysis of N2O emission from marine diesel engines.

In Australia the concept of the fast cargo ship is a catamaran hull with a capacity of 150 containers or 1500 tonnes speed of 45 knots and range of about 500 miles. In Australia the demand for air freight is growing rapidly. Fast freight services are needed to deliver high value products quickly perishables in good condition and urgent supplies. The potential trades which would justify the extra cost of a fast cargo ship are those which are relatively short and dense. New and exciting cargo ships designs have the potential to transform sea freight services. Cargo loading and discharging range and propulsion crewing and environmental factors are also discussed.

Results of a Lloyd's Register study into the fire hazard electric cables pose due to their shipboard configuration. Although SOLAS and IEC standards require cabling to be flame retardant cables pose a threat because of combustible insulation and sheathing materials potential for heat and sparks and ubiquitous installation. Studies of geometric cabling arrangements and the flammability of different cable types and manufacturers showed that fire propagation is lessened when large bunches of 16 or more cables are used the gaps between bunches is 6cm or more and cables are configured in horizontal runs. The use of flame retardant cable does not guarantee flame retardation on ships.

Four merchant ships (general cargo. passenger cargo tanker) fitted with various Doxford diesel engines (specially designed or modifed to operate on residual fuel) were monitored during service for engine performance cleanliness and liner wear. The results were correlated with analyses of as-bunkered and treated fuel and sludge. Engine test bed trials using diesel and heavy fuel are also reported.

The advantages of electrical propulsion are widely acknowledged but connecting a ship's service to large semi-conductor equipment creates supply disturbances such as harmonics. The ways of preventing harmonics from affecting ships' services are considered with particular attention to specific constraints including fluctuations of supply frequency variation of short circuit power changes in the current's harmonic spectrum and the functional availability of equipment. The effect of each constraint on passive and active filters is examined. The results of harmonic compensation with an active filter are presented.

The scope of this book includes merchantmen and men-of-war, ceremonial, pleasure and trading craft of all civilisations and ages, as well as the people who built and sailed them. This revised edition brings the story up to date, including a chapter on the new challenge to marine engineering posed by the discovery of oil under the sea. On the naval side, there is an examination of the lessons to be learned from the recent war in the Falklands.

This paper describes qualitative and quantitative methods for assessing the reliability/availability of ships' machinery. An analysis of a fuel oil system demonstrates the need for caution in the initial definition of failure. The statistical approach is compared with the physics of failure approach in which fatigue considerations play a major part. The effects of variable hazard rates in marine diesel engines are shown to be significant. A comparison is made between a direct drive and a geared engine propulsion system.

HMS Sultan the Royal Navy Marine Engineering School has developed machinery control room simulators for COSAG and COGOG ships to aid Pre - joining training schems for crew of county class Guided Missile Destroyers Type 21 Frigates and Type 42 Destroyers The effectiveness of simulator training is discussed

The attention of marine engineers is drawn to the complexity of fuel injectors production and their re-conditioning. Methods of fuel nozzle optimization and renewal are looked at. Wear and malfunctioning of fuel injectors are considered. Fuel valve maintenance and re-conditioning on board ships is discussed aiming to make the marine engineer on board aware of current constraints on fuel injectors maintenance.

A state of the art review of modern heavy lift vessels includes discussions on - basic principles and design concepts with examples of representative ship layouts and arrangements (LoLoRoRoFoFoSoSo); applications; operations; deck equipment lifting gears (rotating and non-rotating derricks and gantry cranes) and auxiliary equipment. Details are given of the first USA built heavy lift ships under construction by the The American Heavy Lift Shipping Co.

Conf held in Amsterdam 15 - 16 Nov 1979 Papers are An all purpose engine to standardise propulsion plants Establishing ship design trends by computer analysis Deutz diesel engines for marine application - experience and trends Aspects of the medium speed marine diesel engine in particular concerning the future fuel situation The classification society and the ships of tomorrow