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The Lloyd's Register ShipRight procedure has been developed to assist in the planning and documentation of unified enhanced survey for oil tankers through hull condition monitoring and maintenance planning in accordance with the IACS 1993 requirements: it is based on and advance computer database system and is available jointly to owners and Lloyd's Register for survey and record purposes.

An industry based research and development project headed by Det Norske Veritas and involving major companies in the field has examined the future needs of refrigerated cargo ship trades and presented technical solutions for new generation reefer ships including: slimline hull design with minimum bow flare and narrow superstructure; twin screw propulsion powered by medium speed diesels; alternative sideloading pallet handling systems featuring folding jib cranes serviced by conventional or paternoster loaders; gratingless air distribution system with brine/ammonia cooling; prefabricated fittings and advanced integrated ship control.

An electronic control system for ships propulsion is described. The Norwegian rescue cutter R/S Peter Henry von Koss is described in detail. The system functions are considered and the requirements and challenges focused upon. A 4-engine concept (2 propellers 4 engines) is complicated and necessitates information exchange between suppliers.

The Hanne Knutsen first diesel-electric offshore shuttle tanker in-building at Astilleros Espanoles for Statoil charter at the Heidrun field is described with particular reference to: the power generation and distribution system; alternative amidships bow or submerged turret loading; and tank arrangements to limit vapour generation during loading. A brief accompanying note details an on-order products tanker with low speed engines geared down to cp propellers.

A Queen's Council considers the potential impact of Lord Woolf's proposals for reform of access to justice (currently under implementation by new Rules of Court) and also of the Lord Chancellor's proposals to end public funding in cases of personal injury in favour of conditional fees arrangements (currently issued as a consultative document) with particular reference to the implications for Expert Witnesses. Discussion expands upon: the role of the Expert; remuneration on a contingent fee basis; a definition of Expert Witness; possible limitation of the number of Expert Witnesses received by a court; scope of the Expert's evidence; and ensuring the reliability of Experts in their fields of expertise.

The author's experience in the investigation of fire and explosion is used to propose a general approach to investigating disaster in connection with determining liability in potential insurance disputes. Aspects discussed include: prompt and comprehensive briefing of the expert with detailed terms of reference; the role of the expert at the scene of the accident with the suggested formal stages of preliminary survey detailed investigations and finalisation with conclusions; salient points in the physical collection of evidence; post scene investigations including literature review calculations and commissioned tests; and preparation of the report with suggested sections and their sub-divisions. Further discussion considers: the best use that can be made of an expert; the pre-court formal meeting of experts with the preparation of a joint statement; and the role of the Expert Witness.

The role of the Expert Witness in an adversarial system of resolving disputes and the relevance of this type of system to dispute resolution are considered from an insurer's point of view. Particular attention is paid to: the role of the Expert Witness in the legal process; differing approaches to the use of experts (notably appointment of experts by the court vs the retainment of experts by the disputing parties); the need to ensure relevance and reliability; the development of Alternative Dispute Resolution techniques typically mediation or arbitration; and the recent trend for contracted parties to nominate impartial objective mutually agreed experts for advice in key areas of potential dispute.

Introductory remarks consider the position of the lawyer as an expert with responsibilities to the Court and to the client analogy is made with the role of the Expert Witness appointed by a party to litigation. A detailed review of the range of legal and other means available for the resolution and determination of disputes between commercial parties follows and includes discussion of: legal processes; "passage of time"; informal discussion between the parties; and Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) processes (Facilitative Interventionist and Determinative) which use the assistance of a Third Party and which are examined in more detail. An extensive discussion explores the ways in which experts (both lawyers and witnesses) can and do contribute to these methods of dispute resolution particular attention is paid to: the importance of indemnity; situations favouring appointment jointly by disputees; appointment by arbitral tribunal; the technical expert as advocate; the technical expert as witness; and ensuring the credence respect and recognition of experts.

The development of the AME CRC systematic series for yachts has resulted in enhanced knowledge of the effects of various hull parameters on the performance of IMS (International Measurement System) style yachts. Experimental procedures used are explained highlighting sources of errors and their magnitude. Some of the results directly relating to seakeeping predictions and experiments carried out are given. To illustrate the accuracy of results a comparison between the performance predicted from the investigation of prismatic coefficient variation and that calculated from previous Velocity Prediction Program (VPP) results is presented.

The performance of underwater appendages and hull of the Reflex 28 yacht have been analysed using a surface panel code. The ease with which such a code could be used as part of the design process using computational resources already available to the yacht designer was assessed. The flexible geometry creation process allowed the complete hull keel-bulb and rudder configuration to be defined both for upright and heeled configurations and tested for a range of hull drift and rudder angles. The surface panel solution was obtained using an iterative process.

NOTE - This is a BMT duplicated conference holding thus papers abstracted in Chapter 26 are: Cargo operations - lessons to be learnt Learning from the port experience Do we ever learn? - the perspective of the Salvage Association Learning from marine accidents: the work of the Marine Accident Investigation Branch The maritime black box: a shipborne voyage data recorder dedicated to maritime accident investigation Offshore safety Developments in active smoke control systems for passenger vessels Occupational accidents among seafarers Safety management of the mustering and evacuation of damaged passenger ships -MEPdesign on the development of a tool box International marine accident reporting scheme MARS: lessons from MARS IMISS: an i nternational maritime information safety system - the next safety frontier Integrated safety investigation methodology (ISIM) - a systematic approach to learning from accidents A new methodology for marine casualty analysis accounting for human and organisational factors Risk assessment in the fishing industry Are current risk management strategies within the commercial shipping industry adequate? Formal safety assessment: its role in marine safety The work of the marine forensic panel

The reforms proposed by Lord Woolf in his review of the Civil Justice System which culminated in the publication in June 1996 of the "Access to Justice" report are examined with attention to: a summary of the proposals most likely to be readily accepted; and more detailed discussion of proposals which are stimulating criticism and which include: the court appointment of a single neutral expert; the limitation of legal privilege in communication between client and expert; the need for transparency and joint instructions to experts; without prejudice meetings between experts; the giving of oral evidence. Further discussion considers the trend towards streamlining of arbitration procedures and the impact of the Arbitration Act 1996 and the increasing use of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) and Mediation techniques.

The low-Froude number turbulent flow using three different models of traditional vessels (Perama Liberty and Karavoskaro) has been calculated by applying a finite volume method. The complete Reynolds equations were solved and a model was employed to approximate the turbulent stresses while the free surface was considered as a plane. Numerical self-propulsion experiments have also been performed by simulating the propeller action according to the actuator disk concept. Comparisons between calculations and flow-visualisation experiments have shown that separation zones at the stern of the examined traditional models can be predicted with reasonable accuracy when simple two-layer turbulence models are employed.

Drop-stitch fabric technology has most recently been used for floor inserts in small inflatables including the insertion of the floor in such a way as to form a vee-bottom boat. The technology produces a flat recti-linear structure and its structure is similar to plywood. The boat described takes the application of the technology a step further by using it as primary construction material for vee-bottom rigid inflatable boats. A 14.5 ft Rigid Inflatable-Bottom Boat (RIBB) has been developed in which the entire boat including hull bottom is inflatable. Tests compare their performance with traditional fibreglass or aluminium vee-bottom Rigid Inflatable Boats (RIBs).

Four stroke automotive diesel and gasoline engines of 100 to 350HP can be efficiently integrated with jet drive design to form an easily installable package in small craft from 5 to 15 metres in length. It is shown that the proper selection of jet design and engine components produce packages which have better overall efficiency than is possible with a propeller for vessels of speeds of over 25 Kts. Ways in which this optimisation is achieved are outlined. The cost dimensions and weight of the integrated package are greatly reduced compared with individually selected jet gearbox and engine. Fuel economies are achieved.

NOTE - This is a BMT duplicated conference holding thus papers abstracted in Chapter 26 are: An economic option against road congestion The development of a design tool for fast roro/passenger ferries Optimised cargo handling systems for optimised high speed ocean freighters Fast freight ferries as an instrument of modal shift from road to sea The carriage of freight by fast seaborne craft A strategic analysis of fast shortsea transportation Analysis of fast and high speed ro-ro coastal transport in Brazil and the USGulf Fast freight transportation by sea Logistic chains - who benefits? Who pays? High speed vessels: reducing the supply chain cycle time The economically viable fast freighter PACSCAT - a new concept in the transport of coastal sea freight A proposal of the CS-SWATH as transocean high speed ship Development of the foil augmented wave piercing catamaran

The increasing use of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) processes for solving conflicts is discussed together with the range of techniques available and the work of the Centre for Dispute Resolution (CEDR)UK which was set up to promote and develop the techniques of ADR provide training and offer ADR services to business and industry in the UK and Europe. Mediation the most commonly used ADR tool is considered in more detail with attention to: its relationship to the wider field of ADR; its aims and objectives; its fundamental consensual nature which may be facilitative or evaluative; the mediation process; appropriate applications in the maritime industries; and the involvement of the marine expert.

Papers volume for two-day international symposium 'Warship 2000 - Warships for Amphibious Operations & Minewarfare', held 6th - 7th June 2000, London. Contains 18 papers on the following: Warships for amphibious operations and Minewarfare, Alternative landing ship logistic, Combining LPD and aircraft carrier capabilities: A new Italian ship concept, San-Antonio-class LPD17, the HNLMS Rotterdam: the first RNLN LPD, Flight deck landing load diagrams, Mine warfare, Remote mine countermeasures, Joint modular lighter system, Ro-ro access equipment for amphibious operations, Air-assisted catamaran concepts for amphibious operations, High-speed military sea lift, Trimaran based concept for fast sea lift logistics ship and Precision Minewarfare autopilot.

NOTE - This is a BMT duplicated conference holding thus papers abstracted in Chapter 26 are: A computer model for preliminary design and economics of containerships Design considerations of very large containerships Innovative container ship designs Cost effective design and safety of container ships Hatchcoverless container ships for the 21st century Steel optimisation while designing at sea - river going (SRG) containercarriers Some aspects of the design of hatch covers for container vessels A scenario based exploration of future innovations in the container shipping industry The development of an enterprise system for ship management in accordance withthe ISM Code Structural design of the latest and largest containerships The charter market and earning opportunities for containerships Development design and construction of container ships at HDW Feeders from Turkey

A new development is described for a pilot system for the German Bight for the estuaries of the River Weser and River Elbe. The concentration of the biggest German seaports container terminals and the connection to the Kiel Canal will lead to high traffic generation. Growing ship sizes and increasing ship speeds make a replacement of the old pilot boats necessary. A review of the development of pilot tenders for improved seaworthiness and increased speed performance is presented. The SWATH ship type was investigated as a replacement pilot craft.